Online influence campaigns tied to Russia are expected to promote Western politicians’ opposition to ongoing support for Ukraine ahead of an upcoming election in the United States, according to a report published by Meta on Thursday.

Since Russia invaded Ukraine more than two years ago, Moscow has bombarded global social media networks with covert efforts to undermine the West’s support for Kyiv. It has also elevated speeches from national lawmakers from France to Canada who argue the tens of billions of dollars provided to Ukraine would have been better spent at home.

Ahead of the November presidential election in the U.S., where Republican vice-presidential candidate JD Vance and other leading Republican lawmakers have openly challenged Washington’s financial support for Ukraine, Meta said that Russia-based influence operations would likely piggyback onto these domestic messages for their own political gain.